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CPU

Software → Computer Architecture

Machine Code

Binary instructions executed directly by a processor.

Motivation

Machine code solves the problem of representing executable instructions in the binary form a CPU can run.

Where it fits

Machine Code belongs to computer architecture and programming languages.

Mental model

Machine code is the final low-level instruction stream interpreted by the processor hardware.

Common mistakes

  • Thinking machine code is the same for all CPUs.
  • Ignoring operating system and executable format details.

Machine Code connects to assembly language, compiler, CPU, instruction set architecture, and binary number.