Software → Computer Networks
Network Address Translation
A networking technique that rewrites IP addresses or ports as packets pass through a router.
Motivation
NAT solves the problem of letting many private devices share fewer public IP addresses.
Where it fits
NAT belongs to computer networks and appears in home routers, firewalls, cloud networking, and VPCs.
Mental model
NAT rewrites addresses as traffic crosses a boundary, keeping a translation table so replies can find their way back.
Common mistakes
- Assuming NAT is a security model by itself.
- Forgetting that NAT complicates inbound connections.
Related concepts
NAT connects to IP, subnet, router, firewall, and VPC.