Software → Computer Networks
TCP/IP Model
A practical layered model describing the protocol suite used by the Internet.
Mental model
The TCP/IP model groups networking into Link, Internet, Transport, and Application layers.
Mapping to OSI
The Link layer covers physical and local-link concerns. Internet corresponds broadly to OSI Network. Transport aligns closely, while Application combines OSI session, presentation, and application responsibilities.
Why it matters
It reflects the protocols engineers actually deploy on the Internet.